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CHECKLIST PAPILIONOIDEA W-PAL


A dynamic checklist of the Western Palearctic butterflies hyperlinked to the original descriptions
at species, genus and family level
(Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea)

 

Michel Taymans

Sylvain Cuvelier


18.v.2024


Introduction Papilionoidea Papilionidae Hesperiidae Pieridae   Riodinidae Lycaenidae Nymphalidae Sources Thx Updates
 

   

Parnassius phoebus (Fabricius, 1793)

 
 
Synonyms
[ORIG] Papilio (Parnassius) phoebus Fabricius, 1793. Entomol. Syst. 3(1): 181.  
    TL (neotype): Altai, Ongudai (Central Asia, Russian Federation).
[JH] Papilio (Heliconius) delius Esper, [1804]. Schmett. Abb. Nat. Suppl. 1(1): 114-115, pl. 115, fig. 5.  
    TL: Genève (Switzerland) ; nec Papilio delius Drury, [1782]. Illust. Nat. Hist. Exot. Ins. 3: index [1] (name given), 18, pl. 14, f. 5, 6.  
[JS] Parnassius intermedius f. uralensis Ménétriés, 1859. In Schrenck, Reisen Forsch. Amur-Lande 2(1): 13.  
    TL: Ural (Russian Federation).  
[JS] Parnassius phoebus sacerdos Stichel, 1906. Berl. entomol. Z. 51(1): 86.  
    TL: Switzerland, Austria ; nom. nov. pro Papilio delius Esper, [1804].  
[JS] Parnassius phoebus ssp. cervinicolus Fruhstorfer, 1907. Entomol. Wochenbl. 24(46): 199.  
    TL: Mont Cervin - Matterhorn (Italy ; Switzerland).  
[JS] Parnassius delius ssp. expectatus Fruhstorfer, 1921. Entomol. Rdsch. 38: 13-14.  
    TL: Passeier Valley (South Tyrol, NE Italy).  
[JS] Parnassius delius ssp. tessinorum Fruhstorfer, 1921. Entomol. Rdsch. 38: 14.  
    TL: Cima di Cagnone (Tessin, Switzerland).  
[JS] Parnassius delius ssp. blachieri Fruhstorfer, 1921. Entomol. Rdsch. 38: 16-17.  
    TL: Alpe Veglia (Piedmont, NW Italy).  
[JS] Parnassius delius ssp. serenus Fruhstorfer, 1921. Entomol. Rdsch. 38: 17.  
    TL: Piemont (N Italy).  
[JS] Parnassius delius ssp. conferationis Fruhstorfer, 1921. Entomol. Rdsch. 38: 20.  
    TL: Maderanertal (Uri, Switzerland).  
[JH] Parnassius delius ssp. hermiston Fruhstorfer, 1922. Entomol. Rdsch. 39: 11.  
    TL: Dirnbachtal, Grossglockner (Austria) ; nec Parnassius apollo hermiston Fruhstorfer, 1921. Entomol. Anz. 1(8): 89.  
[JS] Parnassius delius ssp. hansi Bryk, 1923. In: Strand, Lepid. Cat. 27: 212.  
    Replacement name, nom. nov. pro Parnassius delius hermiston Fruhstorfer, 1922.  
[JS] Parnassius [phoebus] ssp. eisneri Bryk, 1929. Soc. Entomol. 44(5): 17-18, fig. 2-5.  
    TL: Larche (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, SE France).  
[JS] Parnassius phoebus ssp. paradisiacus Turati, 1932. Parco Naz. Gran Paradiso 3: 3, fig. 3-5. (unable to check this).  
    TL: Valle dell’Orco, Gran Piano di Noasca (NW Italy).  
[JS] Parnassius phoebus ssp. gazeli Praviel, 1933. Bull. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 41(16): 266-268.  
    TL: Vallée du Boréon (Alpes-Maritimes, SE France).  
[JS] Parnassius phoebus palamedes Hemming, 1934. Stylops 3(9): 198.  
    Replacement name, nom. nov. pro Papilio delius Esper, [1804].  
[JS] Parnassius phoebus ssp. palamedes Hemming, 1934. Stylops 3(9): 198.  
    Replacement name, nom. nov. pro Papilio delius Esper, [1804].  
[JS] Parnassius phoebus ssp. vorbrodti Bryk & Eisner, 1935. Parnassiana 3: 59. (unable to check this).  
    TL: Lötschental (Valais, Switzerland).  
[JS] Parnassius phoebus ssp. crocedominensis Nardelli & Sala, 1986. Natura Alpina 37(2): 33-42.  
    TL: Prealpi bresciane (Lombardy, N Italy).  

Notes  
(1) To stabilize the prevailing usage of the name phoebus Fabricius, 1793 (as required by the Art. 75.6), the ICZN, Opinion 2488 (Case 3767) designates a neotype : male, labeled “Altai, Ongudai”, “к. Авинова” (in Russian; translation = “c[ollection] of Avinoff ”), “Chosen as prospective | Neotype of Papilio phoebus | Fabricius, 1793 | INS_LEP_0000940”, deposited in the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 80(1): 71-73. (url)  
(2) List of the taxa not found in the Western Palearctic: P. phoebus phoebus Fabricius, 1793 ; P. phoebus apricatus Stichel, 1906 ; P. phoebus golovinus Holland, 1930 ; P. phoebus nikolaii Asahi, Kanda, Kawata et Kohara, 1999 ; P. phoebus interposita Herz, 1903 ; P. phoebus sedakovii [Ménétriès], [1850] ; P. phoebus sauricus Lukhtanov, 1999 ; P. phoebus corybas Fischer de Waldheim, 1824 ; ...  

Bibliography  
Bryk F. 1923.
In: Strand, Lepidopterorum Catalogus. Pars 27: Baronidae, Teinopalpidae, Parnassiidae. Berlin: W. Junk (Ed.). pp. 1-441. (url not available)
New taxon: Papilio delius hansi.
 
       
Bryk F. 1929.
Parnassiana. Eine neue Rasse von Parnassius phoebus.
Societas Entomologica 44(5): 17-18. (url)
New taxon: Papilio phoebus eisneri.
 
       
Bryk F. & Eisner C. 1935.
Kritische Revision der Gattung Parnassius unter Benutzung des Materials der Kollektion Eisner.
Parnassiana 3: 47-62. (url not available)
New taxon: Papilio phoebus vorbrodti.
 
       
Drury D. 1782.
Illustrations of natural history. Wherein are exhibited upwards of two hundred figures of exotic insects, according to their different genera; very few of which have hitherto been figured by any author, being engraved and coloured from nature, with the greatest accuracy, and under the author's own inspection, on fifty copper-plates. With a particular description of each insect: interspersed with remarks and reflections on the nature and properties of many of them. To which is added, a translation into French. Vol. III. London: B. White (Ed.). pp. i-xxvi, 1-76, index ([1]-[2], name given), pl. 1-50. (url)
New taxon: Papilio delius.
 
       
Eisner C. 1957.
Parnassiana nova : XIV. Kritische Revision der Gattung Parnassius (Fortsetzung 9).
Zoologische Mededelingen 35(8): 79-111. (url)
New taxon: Parnassius phoebus savoieensis.
 
   
Fabricius J. C. 1793.
Entomologia Systematica emendata et aucta ; Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species ; adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Vol. 3, Pars I. Hafniae [= Copenhagen]: C. G. Proft, Fil. et Soc. (Ed.). pp. i-iv, 1-487. (url)
New taxon: Papilio phoebus.
 
       
Fruhstorfer H. 1907.
Lepidopterischen Charivari vom Gerstaecker der Entomologie.
Entomologisches Wochenblatt (Insekten-Börse) 24(46): 199. (url)
New taxon: Parnassius phoebus styriacus, Parnassius phoebus cervinicolis.
 
       
Fruhstorfer H. 1921.
Neue Parnassius apollo Rassen.
Entomologische Rundschau 38: 13-14 (url), 16-17 (url), 20-21 (url).
New taxon: Parnassius delius expectatus, Parnassius delius blachieri, Parnassius delius serenus, Parnassius delius confederationis.
 
       
Fruhstorfer H. 1921.
Neue Parnassius-Rassen.
Entomologischer Anzeiger 1(8): 87-89. (url)
New taxon: Parnassius apollo hermiston.
 
       
Fruhstorfer H. 1922.
Eine neue Parnassius delius-Rasse aus der Tauernkette.
Entomologische Rundschau 39: 11. (url)
New taxon: Parnassius delius hermiston.
 
       
Hemming F. 1934.
Revisional notes on certain species of Rhopalocera (Lepidoptera).
Stylops 3(9): 193-200. (url)
New taxon: Parnassius phoebus palamedes.
 
       
Kirby W. F. 1871.
A synonymic catalogue of diurnal Lepidoptera. London : John Van Voorst (Ed.). pp. 1-690.
New taxon: Parnassius intermedius uralensis.
 
       
Nardelli U. & Sala G. 1986.
Una nuova sottospecie de "Parnassius phoebus" Fabricius, 1793 (Lepidoptera, Parnassiinae) nelle Prealpi bresciane.
Natura Alpina 37(2): 33-42. (url not available)
New taxon: Parnassius phoebus crocedominensis.
 
       
Ménétriès E. 1859.
Lépidoptères de la Sibérie orientale et en particulier des rives de l’Amour.
In: Schrenck, Reisen und Forschungen im Amur-Lande in den Jahren. Band II, Erste Lieferung, Lepidopteren. pp. 1-74, pl. 1-5. (url)
New taxon: Parnassius phoebus uralensis.
 
       
Praviel G. 1936.
Remarques sur Parnassius phoebus Fabricius [Lep. Papilionidae] et description d’une nouvelle sous-espèce.
Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 41(16): 265-269. (url)
New taxon: Parnassius phoebus gazeli.
 
       
Stichel H. 1906.
Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Lepidopteren-Gattung Parnassius Latr.
Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 51: 81-94, fig. (url)
New taxon: Parnassius phoebus sacerdos.
 
       
Turati E. 1932.
Il Parco Nazionale Del Gran Paradiso. Vol. 3. (url not available)
New taxon: Parnassius phoebus paradisiacus.
 

Reference publications  
Dupont P., Luquet G. C., Demerges D. & Drouet E. 2013.
Révision systématique, taxinomique et nomenclaturale des Rhopalocera et des Zygaenidae de France métropolitaine. Conséquences sur l‘acquisition et la gestion des données d’inventaire. Rapport MMNHN-SPN 2013 - 19. pp. 1-201. (url)
 
   
Hanus J. & Theye M. L. 2010. Parnassius phoebus (Fabricius, 1793), a misidentified species (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo N.F. 31(1/2): 71-84. (url)  
   
Hanus J. & Theye M. L. 2011. Supplements to «Parnassius phoebus (Fabricius, 1793), a misidentified species» (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo N.F. 32(1/2): 25-27. (url)  
   
Hanus J. & Theye M. L. 2013. Les premiers Parnassius : histoire de leur découverte, de leur description et de l’erreur d’identification de Parnassius phoebus (Fabricius, 1793) (Lepidoptera : Papilionidae). Alexanor 25(6): 323-354.  
   
ICZN. 2019.
Case 3767: (Lukhtanov V. A., Pelham J. P., Cotton A. M. & Calhoun J. V.) Papilio phoebus Fabricius, 1793 (currently Parnassius phoebus; Insecta, Lepidoptera): proposed conservation of prevailing usage of the specific name and that of Doritis ariadne Lederer, 1853 (currently Parnassius ariadne) by the designation of a neotype.
The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 76(1): 14-22. (url)
2020. Comment 3767-1: (Korb, S. K.) Opposition to the conservation of prevailing usage of the specific name Papilio phoebus Fabricius, 1793 and that of Doritis ariadne Lederer, 1853 (currently Parnassius ariadne) by the designation of a neotype.
2021. Comment 3767-2: (Vane-Wright, R. I.) Support for the conservation of prevailing usage of the specific name Papilio phoebus
2021. Comment 3767-3: (Bálint, Z.) More support for the conservation of prevailing usage of the specific name Papilio phoebus
2021. Comment 3767-4: (Kosterin, O. E.) Support for the proposed conservation of the specific name Papilio phoebus
2021. Comment 3767-5: (Wiemers, M.) Support for the conservation of prevailing usage of the specific name Papilio phoebus
 
   
ICZN. 2023.
Opinion 2488 (Case 3767). Papilio phoebus Fabricius, 1793 (currently Parnassius phoebus; Insecta, Lepidoptera): usage conserved for the specific name and that of Doritis ariadne Lederer, 1853 (currently Parnassius ariadne) by the designation of a neotype.
The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 80(1): 71-73. (url)
 
       

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